1 = Benin
2 = Botswana
3 = Burkina Faso
4 = Cape Verde
5 = Ghana
6 = Kenya
7 = Lesotho
8 = Liberia
9 = Madagascar
10 = Malawi
11 = Mali
12 = Mozambique
13 = Namibia
14 = Nigeria
15 = Senegal
16 = South Africa
17 = Tanzania
18 = Uganda
19 = Zambia
20 = Zimbabwe

Urban or Rural Primary Sampling Unit
1 = Urban
2 = Rural

Household back-checked?
1 = Yes
2 = No

EA-SVC-A. Electricity grid in the PSU/EA
-1 = Missing
0 = No
1 = Yes
9 = Can't determine

EA-SVC-D. Cell phone service in the PSU/EA
-1 = Missing
0 = No
1 = Yes
7 = Not asked in Lesotho, Madagascar
9 = Can't determine

EA-SEC-A. Police in the PSU/EA
-1 = Missing
0 = No
1 = Yes
9 = Don't know

EA-ROAD. Tarred/ paved road
-1 = Missing
0 = No
1 = Yes

Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 1
-1 = Missing
1 = Refused to be interviewed
2 = Person selected was never at home
3 = Household/Premises empty for the survey period
4 = Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language
5 = Deaf/Did not speak a survey language
6 = Did not fit gender quota
7 = No adults in household
8 = Other
997 = Not Applicable

Previous interview, gender
0 = First interview
1 = Male
2 = Female

This interview, gender
1 = Male
2 = Female

Number of adult women/men in household
-1 = Missing

Number of calls
-1 = Missing
1 = 1
2 = 2
3 = 3

Q1. Age
-1 = Missing
998 = Refused
999 = Don't know

Q2. Head of household
-1 = Missing
0 = No
1 = Yes
9 = Don't know
998 = Refused

Q4a. Country's present economic condition
-1 = Missing
1 = Very Bad
2 = Fairly bad
3 = Neither good nor bad
4 = Fairly good
5 = Very good
9 = Don't know
998 = Refused

Q5. Your living conditions vs. others
-1 = Missing
1 = Much Worse
2 = Worse
3 = Same
4 = Better
5 = Much Better
9 = Don't know
998 = Refused

Q8a. How often gone without food
-1 = Missing
0 = Never
1 = Just once or twice
2 = Several times
3 = Many times
4 = Always
9 = Don't Know
998 = Refused

Q10. Abandon economic reforms vs. accept hardships
-1 = Missing
1 = Agree very strongly with 1
2 = Agree with 1
3 = Agree with 2
4 = Agree very strongly with 2
5 = Agree with neither
9 = Don't know
998 = Refused

Q12a. Radio news
-1 = Missing
0 = Never
1 = Less than once a month
2 = A few times a month
3 = A few times a week
4 = Every day
9 = Don't know
998 = Refused

Q13. Interest in public affairs
-1 = Missing
0 = Not at all interested
1 = Not very interested
2 = Somewhat interested
3 = Very interested
9 = Don't know
998 = Refused

Q14. Discuss politics
-1 = Missing
0 = Never
1 = Occasionally
2 = Frequently
9 = Don't know
998 = Refused

Q15a. Freedom to say what you think
-1 = Missing
1 = Not at all free
2 = Not very free
3 = Somewhat free
4 = Completely free
9 = Don't know
998 = Refused

Q22a. Member of religious group
-1 = Missing
0 = Not a Member
1 = Inactive Member
2 = Active Member
3 = Official Leader
4 = Completely free
9 = Don't Know
998 = Refused

Q22b. Member of voluntary association or community group
-1 = Missing
0 = Not a Member
1 = Inactive Member
2 = Active Member
3 = Official Leader
9 = Don't Know
998 = Refused

Q23a. Attend a community meeting
-1 = Missing
0 = No, would never do this
1 = No, but would do if had the chance
2 = Yes, once or twice
3 = Yes, several times
4 = Yes, often
9 = Don't know
998 = Refused

Q23d. Voted last election
-1 = Missing
0 = You were not registered or you were too young to vote
1 = You voted in the elections
2 = You decided not to vote
3 = You could not find the polling station
4 = You were prevented from voting
5 = You did not have time to vote
6 = Did not vote for some other reason
9 = Don't know/Can't remember
77 = You were afraid to vote
88 = You were afraid not to vote
300 = You could not find your name in the voter's register
998 = Refused

Q24a. Make local government councilors listen
-1 = Missing
0 = Not at all likely
1 = Not very likely
2 = Somewhat likely
3 = Very likely
9 = Don't know
998 = Refused

Q25a. Contact local government councillor
-1 = Missing
0 = Never
1 = Only once
2 = A few times
3 = Often
9 = Don't know
998 = Refused

Q26a. Contact formal leader alone or with group
-1 = Missing
1 = Alone
2 = With a group
7 = Not applicable
9 = Don't know
998 = Refused

Q26b. Contact formal leader: community or personal problem
-1 = Missing
1 = Community problem
2 = Personal problem
7 = Not applicable
9 = Don't know
998 = Refused

Q27b. Contact traditional ruler
-1 = Missing
0 = Never
1 = Only once
2 = A few times
3 = Often
7 = Not asked in Cape Verde
9 = Don't know
998 = Refused

Q29a. Reject one-party rule
-1 = Missing
1 = Strongly Disapprove
2 = Disapprove
3 = Neither Approve Nor Disapprove
4 = Approve
5 = Strongly Approve
9 = Don't Know
998 = Refused

Q30. Support for democracy
-1 = Missing
1 = STATEMENT 3: Doesn't matter.
2 = STATEMENT 2: Sometimes non-democratic preferable
3 = STATEMENT 1: Democracy preferable.
9 = Don't know
998 = Refused

Q40a. Most important national priority
-1 = Missing
1 = Maintaining order in the nation
2 = Giving people more say in government decisions
3 = Protecting people's right to live freely
4 = Improving economic conditions for the poor
5 = None of these
9 = Don't know
998 = Refused

Q41a2. Identify MP (code)
-1 = Missing
1 = Know but can't remember
2 = Incorrect guess
3 = Correct name
9 = Don't know
998 = Refused

Q42a. Extent of democracy
-1 = Missing
1 = Not a democracy
2 = A democracy, with major problems
3 = A democracy, but with minor problems
4 = A full democracy
8 = Do not understand question/democracy
9 = Don't know
998 = Refused

Q43. Satisfaction with democracy
-1 = Missing
0 = Not a democracy
1 = Not at all satisfied
2 = Not very satisfied
3 = Fairly satisfied
4 = Very satisfied
9 = Don't Know
998 = Refused

Q44a. Courts make binding decisions
-1 = Missing
1 = Strongly Disagree
2 = Disagree
3 = Neither Agree Nor Disagree
4 = Agree
5 = Strongly Agree
9 = Don't know
998 = Refused

Q45a. How often party competition leads to conflict
-1 = Missing
0 = Never
1 = Rarely
2 = Often
3 = Always
9 = Don't know
998 = Refused

Q47. How much fear political intimidation or violence
-1 = Missing
0 = A lot
1 = Somewhat
2 = A little bit
3 = Not at all
9 = Don't know
998 = Refused

Q49a. Trust president
-1 = Missing
0 = Not at all
1 = Just a little
2 = Somewhat
3 = A lot
9 = Don't know/Haven't heard enough
998 = Refused

Q49f. Trust opposition political parties
-1 = Missing
0 = Not at all
1 = Just a little
2 = Somewhat
3 = A lot
7 = NA/No opposition
9 = Don't know/Haven't heard enough
998 = Refused

Q49i. Trust traditional leaders
-1 = Missing
0 = Not at all
1 = Just a little
2 = Somewhat
3 = A lot
7 = Not asked in Cape Verde
9 = Don't know/Haven't heard enough
998 = Refused

Q50a. Corruption: office of the Presidency
-1 = Missing
0 = None
1 = Some of them
2 = Most of them
3 = All of them
9 = Don't Know/Haven't heard enough
998 = Refused

Q50h. Corruption: traditional leaders
-1 = Missing
0 = None
1 = Some of them
2 = Most of them
3 = All of them
7 = Not asked in Cape Verde
9 = Don't Know/Haven't heard enough
998 = Refused

Q51a. Pay bribe for: document or permit
-1 = Missing
0 = Never
1 = Once or Twice
2 = A Few Times
3 = Often
7 = No experience with this in past year
9 = Don't Know
998 = Refused

Q52. Most important responsibility of MP
-1 = Missing
1 = Listen to constituents and represent their needs
2 = Deliver jobs or development
3 = Make laws for the good of the country
4 = Monitor the president and his government
5 = None of these
9 = Don't know
998 = Refused

Q53a. Time MPs should spend
-1 = Missing
0 = Never
1 = At least once a year
2 = At least once a month
3 = At least weekly
4 = Almost all of their time
9 = Don't know
998 = Refused

Q54a. MPs listen
-1 = Missing
0 = Never
1 = Only sometimes
2 = Often
3 = Always
9 = Don't know
998 = Refused

Q54c. Traditional leaders listen
-1 = Missing
0 = Never
1 = Only sometimes
2 = Often
3 = Always
7 = Not asked in Cape Verde
9 = Don't know
998 = Refused

Q57a. Handling managing the economy
-1 = Missing
1 = Very Badly
2 = Fairly Badly
3 = Fairly Well
4 = Very Well
9 = Don't know/Haven't heard enough
998 = Refused

Q58a. Primary responsibility: keeping the community clean
-1 = Missing
1 = Central government
2 = Local government
3 = Traditional leaders
4 = Members of the community
5 = None of them
6 = State government
9 = Don't know
998 = Refused

Q61. How much ordinay person can do to solve local problems
-1 = Missing
1 = Nothing
2 = A small amount
3 = Some
4 = A great deal
9 = Don't know
998 = Refused

Q62a1. Any problems with how local gov't is run in the past year
-1 = Missing
0 = No
1 = Yes
7 = Not asked in Ghana
9 = Don't know
998 = Refused

Q62a. How often: discuss with others
-1 = Missing
0 = Never
1 = Once or twice
2 = Several times
3 = Many times
7 = Not applicable/Saw no problems
9 = Don't know
998 = Refused

Q63a. Local councilor qualifications: education
-1 = Missing
1 = Very Unqualified
2 = Fairly Unqualified
3 = Fairly Qualified
4 = Very Qualified
9 = Don't know/Haven't heard enough
998 = Refused

Q64a. Payments made: fees for government service
-1 = Missing
0 = No
1 = Yes
8 = Refused
9 = Don't know

Q65. Traditional leaders influence governing local community
-1 = Missing
1 = None
2 = A small amount
3 = Some
4 = A great deal
7 = Not asked in Cape Verde, urban Zimbabwe
9 = Don't know
998 = Refused

Q66. Traditional leaders more or less influence
-1 = Missing
1 = Decrease a lot
2 = Decrease somewhat
3 = Stay the same
4 = Increase somewhat
5 = Increase a lot
7 = Not asked in Cape Verde, urban Zimbabwe
9 = Don't know
998 = Refused

Q67. Traditional leaders sit on local government council
-1 = Missing
0 = No, should not have seats on council
1 = Yes, should have seats elected by people
2 = Yes, should have seats appointed by government officials
3 = Yes, should have seats selected in some other way
7 = Not asked in Cape Verde
9 = Don't know
998 = Refused

Q68. Traditional leaders non-partisan vs. allow party affiliation
-1 = Missing
1 = Agree very strongly with 1
2 = Agree with 1
3 = Agree with 2
4 = Agree very strongly with 2
5 = Agree with neither
7 = Not asked in Cape Verde
9 = Don't know
998 = Refused

Q70a. Performance: President
-1 = Missing
1 = Strongly Disapprove
2 = Disapprove
3 = Approve
4 = Strongly Approve
7 = Not asked in South Africa and Botswana
9 = Don't know/Haven't heard enough
998 = Refused

Q70b. Performance: MP/National Assembly rep.
-1 = Missing
1 = Strongly Disapprove
2 = Disapprove
3 = Approve
4 = Strongly Approve
9 = Don't know/Haven't heard enough
998 = Refused

Q71. Elections free and fair
-1 = Missing
1 = Not free and fair
2 = Free and fair, with major problems
3 = Free and fair, but with minor problems
4 = Completely free and fair
8 = Do not understand question
9 = Don't know
998 = Refused

Q72a. Elections ensure parliament reflects voters
-1 = Missing
0 = Not at all well
1 = Not very well
2 = Well
3 = Very well
9 = Don't know
998 = Refused

Q73a. Who responsible: MPs do jobs
-1 = Missing
0 = The president/executive
1 = The parliament/local council
2 = Their political party
3 = The voters
4 = No one
9 = Don't know
998 = Refused

Q74. Voice heard between elections
-1 = Missing
1 = Very difficult
2 = Somewhat difficult
3 = Somewhat easy
4 = Very Easy
9 = Don't know
998 = Refused

Q79. Tribe or ethnic group
220 = Related to regional origin (badio/sampadjudo)
990 = National ID only or 'doesn't think of self in those terms'

Q80. Ethnic group's economic conditions
-1 = Missing
1 = Much Better
2 = Better
3 = Same
4 = Worse
5 = Much Worse
7 = Not applicable
9 = Don't know
998 = Refused

Q81. Ethnic group's political influence
-1 = Missing
1 = Much more
2 = More
3 = Same
4 = Less
5 = Much less
7 = Not applicable
9 = Don't know
998 = Refused

Q82. Ethnic group treated unfairly
-1 = Missing
0 = Never
1 = Sometimes
2 = Often
3 = Always
7 = Not applicable
9 = Don't know
998 = Refused

Q83. Ethnic or national identity
-1 = Missing
1 = Ethnic ID only
2 = Ethnic ID more than national
3 = National and ethnic IDs equal
4 = National ID more than ethnic
5 = National ID only
7 = Not applicable
9 = Don't know
998 = Refused

Q84a. Trust relatives
-1 = Missing
0 = Not at all
1 = Just a little
2 = Somewhat
3 = A lot
7 = Not applicable, i.e., no relatives
9 = Don't know
998 = Refused

Q84b. Trust other people you know
-1 = Missing
0 = Not at all
1 = Just a little
2 = Somewhat
3 = A lot
9 = Don't know
998 = Refused

Q85. Close to political party
-1 = Missing
0 = No, not close to any party
1 = Yes, feels close to a party
8 = Refused to answer
9 = Don't know

Q86. Which party
100 = Force Cauris pour un Benin Emergent [FCBE]
104 = Mouv. Africain pour le Developpement et le Progres [MADEP]
180 = CDP (Congr ás pour la d Ámocratie et le progr ás)
181 = ADF/RDA (Alliance pour la d Ámocratie et la f Ád Áration/Ras
183 = UNIR/MS (Union pour la renaissance/Mouvement sankariste)
184 = CFD/B (Convention de forces d Ámocratiques du Burkina)
185 = PDS (Parti pour la d Ámocratie et le socialisme)
186 = PDP/PS (Parti pour la d Ámocratie et le progr ás/Parti socia
187 = RDB (Rassemblement pour le d Áveloppement du Burkina)
189 = PAI (Parti africain pour l'ind Ápendance)
190 = PAREN (Parti pour la renaissance nationale)
191 = RPC (Rassemblement Populaire des Citoyens)
192 = UDPS (Union pour la D Ámocratie et le Progr ás Social)
301 = Orange Democratic Movement Party of Kenya (ODM-K)
314 = Kenya African Democratic Development Union (KADDU)
383 = Freedom Alliance Party of Liberia (FAPL)
388 = Liberia Education And Development Party (LEADP)
394 = National Democratic Party of Liberia (NDPL)
398 = National Vision Party of Liberia (NATVIPOL)
399 = People¡¦s Democratic Party of Liberia (PDPL)
540 = Front of Liberation of Mozambique (Frelimo)
541 = National Resistence of Mozambique (Renamo)
542 = Partido para a Paz, democracia e Desenselvolvimeto (PDD)
543 = Partido Independente de Mozambique (PIMO)
582 = DTA of Namibia (Democratic Turnhalle Alliance)
584 = NDMC (Namibia Democratic Movement for Change)
585 = Nudo (National Unity Democratic Organisation of Namibia)
586 = NDP (National Democratic Party of Namibia)
589 = Swanu of Namibia (South West African National Union)
591 = UDF (United Democratic Front of Namibia)
700 = African Christian Democratic Party (ACDP)
711 = Inkatha Freedom Party/Inkatha Vryheidsparty (IFP)
714 = New National Party/Nuwe Nasionale Party (NNP)
716 = United Christian Democratic Party (UCDP)
719 = ANC breakaway party / new Loekota or George or Shilowa party
789 = A person who can help the country/address problems/change th
824 = United National Independence Party (UNIP)
825 = United Party for National Development (UPND)
860 = Movement for Democratic Change-Tsvangarai (MDC-T)
861 = Zimbabwe African National Union-Patriotic Front (ZANU-PF)
862 = Movement for Democratic Change - Mutambara (MDC-M)

Q87. How often receive remittances
-1 = Missing
0 = Never
1 = Less than once a year
2 = At least once a year
3 = At least every 6 months
4 = At least every 3 months
5 = At least once a month
9 = Don't know
998 = Refused

Q88f. Number of languages
-1 = Missing
97 = Refused
99 = Don't know
998 = Refused

Q89. Education of respondent
-1 = Missing
0 = No formal schooling
1 = Informal schooling only
2 = Some primary schooling
3 = Primary school completed
4 = Some secondary school/high school
5 = Secondary school completed/high school
6 = Post-secondary qualifications, not university
7 = Some university
8 = University completed
9 = Post-graduate
99 = Don't know
998 = Refused

Q91. Importance of religion
-1 = Missing
1 = Not at all important
2 = Not very important
3 = Somewhat important
4 = Very important
8 = Refused to answer
9 = Don't know

Q92a. Own radio
-1 = Missing
0 = No, don't own
1 = Yes, do own
9 = Don't know
998 = Refused

Q93a. Source of water for household use
-1 = Missing
1 = Inside the house
2 = Inside the compound
3 = Outside the compound
9 = Don't know
998 = Refused

Q94. Employment status
-1 = Missing
0 = No (not looking)
1 = No (looking)
2 = Yes, part time (not looking)
3 = Yes, part time (looking)
4 = Yes, full time (not looking)
5 = Yes, full time (looking)
9 = Don't know
998 = Refused

Q96. How many died of AIDS
-1 = Missing
997 = Not Applicable
998 = Will not say/Refused
999 = Don't know

Q98a. How much help country: African Union
-1 = Missing
0 = Do nothing, no help
1 = Help a little bit
2 = Help somewhat
3 = Help a lot
9 = Don't know
998 = Refused

Q98f. How much help country: Nigeria
-1 = Missing
0 = Do nothing, no help
1 = Help a little bit
2 = Help somewhat
3 = Help a lot
7 = Not asked in Nigeria
9 = Don't know
998 = Refused

Q98g. How much help country: South Africa
-1 = Missing
0 = Do nothing, no help
1 = Help a little bit
2 = Help somewhat
3 = Help a lot
7 = Not asked in South Africa
9 = Don't know
998 = Refused

Q98j. How much help country: Former colonial power:Britain, France, or Portugal
-1 = Missing
0 = Do nothing, no help
1 = Help a little bit
2 = Help somewhat
3 = Help a lot
7 = Not asked in Liberia
9 = Don't know
998 = Refused

Q98j1. How much help country: EU
-1 = Missing
0 = Do nothing, no help
1 = Help a little bit
2 = Help somewhat
3 = Help a lot
7 = Not asked in Ghana
9 = Don't know
998 = Refused

Q99a. Influence of International donors and NGOs
-1 = Missing
1 = Far too little
2 = Somewhat too little
3 = About the right amount
4 = Somewhat too much
5 = Far too much
9 = Don't know
998 = Refused

Q100. Perceived survey sponsor
-1 = Missing
0 = No one
1 = Government (general)
2 = National/ federal government
3 = Provincial/ regional government
4 = Local government
5 = President/PM's office
6 = Parliament/ National assembly
7 = Government census/ statistics office
8 = National Intelligence/ Secret Service
9 = Education or Social Affairs Dept./Ministry
10 = Tax or Finance Dept./Ministry
11 = Health Dept./Ministry
12 = Other government dept./ministry
13 = Constitutional Commission
14 = Electoral Commission
15 = National Planning Commission
16 = Public Utility Company
17 = NGO
18 = Political party/ politicians
19 = Research company/org. (AB natl. partner)
20 = Newspapers/ Media
21 = University/ School/ College
22 = Private company
23 = International Organization
24 = God or a religious organization
501 = Mairie
503 = Chef de village
995 = Other
998 = Refused
999 = Don't know

Q101. Gender of respondent
-1 = Missing
1 = Male
2 = Female

Q102. Race of respondent
-1 = Missing
1 = Black/African
2 = White/European
3 = Coloured/Mixed Race
4 = Arab/Lebanese/North African
5 = South Asian (Indian, Pakistani, etc.)
6 = East Asian (Chinese, Korean, Indonesian, etc.)
95 = Other

Q104. Others present
-1 = Missing
1 = No one
2 = Spouse
3 = Children Only
4 = A few others
5 = Small crowd

Q106. Proportion difficulty answering
-1 = Missing
0 = None
1 = Few
2 = Some
3 = Most
4 = All

Q108a. Respondent friendly
-1 = Missing
1 = Friendly
2 = In between
3 = Hostile

Q108b. Respondent interested
-1 = Missing
1 = Interested
2 = In between
3 = Bored

Q108c. Respondent cooperative
-1 = Missing
1 = Cooperative
2 = In between
3 = Uncooperative

Q108d. Respondent patient
-1 = Missing
1 = Patient
2 = In between
3 = Impatient

Q108e. Respondent at ease
-1 = Missing
1 = At ease
2 = In between
3 = Suspicious

Q108f. Respondent honest
-1 = Missing
1 = Honest
2 = In between
3 = Misleading

Q113. Interviewer rural or urban
-1 = Missing
1 = Rural
2 = Urban

Q115. Interviewer's education
-1 = Missing
3 = Primary school completed
4 = Some secondary/high school
5 = High school completed
6 = Post secondary qualifications (not university )
7 = Some university
8 = University completed
9 = Post graduate