Urban or Rural Primary Sampling Unit
1 = Urban
2 = Rural

Province or region
-1 = Missing
420 = ALAOTRA MANGORO
421 = AMORON'I MANIA
422 = ANALAMANGA
423 = ANALANJIROFO
424 = ANDROY
425 = ANOSY
426 = ATSIMO ANDREFANA
427 = ATSIMO ATSINANANA
428 = ATSINANANA
429 = BETSIBOKA
430 = BOENY
431 = BONGOLAVA
432 = DIANA
433 = HAUTE MATSIATRA
434 = IHOROMBE
435 = ITASY
436 = MELAKY
437 = MENABE
438 = SAVA
439 = SOFIA
440 = VAKINANKARATRA
441 = VATOVAVY FITOVINANY

EA-SVC-A. Electricity grid in the PSU/EA
-1 = Missing
0 = No
1 = Yes
9 = Can't determine

EA-SEC-A. Police in the PSU/EA
-1 = Missing
0 = No
1 = Yes
9 = Don't know

EA-ROAD-A. Road surface at start point
-1 = Missing
1 = Earth
2 = Gravel
3 = Stone
4 = Muram
5 = Paved/ Tarred
6 = Concrete

EA-ROAD-C. Road condition last 5 km
-1 = Missing
1 = Impassable
2 = Very poor
3 = Poor
4 = Fair
5 = Good
6 = Very good

Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 1
1 = Refused to be interviewed
2 = Person selected was never at home
3 = Household/Premises empty for the survey period
4 = Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language
5 = Deaf/Did not speak a survey language
6 = Did not fit gender quota
7 = No adults in household
8 = Other
9997 = Interview was successful

This interview, gender
1 = Male
2 = Female

Time interview started
-3600 = Missing

Q1. Age
-1 = Missing
998 = Refused
999 = Don't know

Q2a. Respondent's mother tongue
-1 = Missing
1 = English
2 = French
420 = "Official" Malagasy
421 = Malagasy with regional dialect
422 = Chinese
423 = Comorian
424 = Indo-pakistani
9995 = Other
9998 = Refused
9999 = Don't know

Q3. Overall direction of the country
-1 = Missing
1 = Going in the wrong direction
2 = Going in the right direction
8 = Refused
9 = Don't know

Q4a. Country’s present economic condition
-1 = Missing
1 = Very Bad
2 = Fairly Bad
3 = Neither good nor bad
4 = Fairly Good
5 = Very good
8 = Refused
9 = Don't know

Q5. Your living conditions vs. others
-1 = Missing
1 = Much worse
2 = Worse
3 = Same
4 = Better
5 = Much better
8 = Refused
9 = Don’t know

Q8a. How often gone without food
-1 = Missing
0 = Never
1 = Just once or twice
2 = Several times
3 = Many times
4 = Always
8 = Refused
9 = Don't know

Q8f. Frequency going without basic necessities
-1 = Missing
1 = About once every two or three months
2 = About once a month
3 = Two or three times a month
4 = About once a week
5 = Several times a week
6 = Every day
7 = Not applicable
8 = Refused
9 = Don’t know

Q9. How dependent on receiving remittances
-1 = Missing
0 = Not at all / Does not receive remittances
1 = A little bit
2 = Somewhat
3 = A lot
7 = Not applicable
8 = Refused
9 = Don’t know

Q11a. Had something stolen from house
-1 = Missing
0 = No
1 = Yes, once
2 = Yes, twice
3 = Yes, three or more times
8 = Refused
9 = Don't know

Q12a. Radio news
-1 = Missing
0 = Never
1 = Less than once a month
2 = A few times a month
3 = A few times a week
4 = Every day
8 = Refused
9 = Don't know

Q13. Discuss politics
-1 = Missing
0 = Never
1 = Occasionally
2 = Frequently
8 = Refused
9 = Don't know

Q14. Freedom to say what you think
-1 = Missing
1 = Not at all free
2 = Not very free
3 = Somewhat free
4 = Completely free
8 = Refused
9 = Don’t know

Q15. Government bans organizations vs. join any
-1 = Missing
1 = Agree very strongly with 1
2 = Agree with 1
3 = Agree with 2
4 = Agree very strongly with 2
5 = Agree with neither
8 = Refused
9 = Don't know

Q18a. Access to information: school budget
-1 = Missing
0 = Not at all likely
1 = Not very likely
2 = Somewhat likely
3 = Very likely
8 = Refused
9 = Don’t know/Haven’t heard

Q19a. Better or worse: freedom to say what you think
-1 = Missing
1 = Much less freedom
2 = Somewhat less freedom
3 = Same
4 = Somewhat more freedom
5 = Much more freedom
8 = Refused
9 = Don’t know

Q20a. Member of religious group
-1 = Missing
0 = Not a Member
1 = Inactive Member
2 = Active Member
3 = Official Leader
8 = Refused
9 = Don't know

Q21a. Attend a community meeting
-1 = Missing
0 = No, would never do this
1 = No, but would do if had the chance
2 = Yes, once or twice
3 = Yes, several times
4 = Yes, often
8 = Refused
9 = Don't know

Q22. Voting in the most recent national election
-1 = Missing
0 = You were not registered to vote
1 = You voted in the elections
2 = You decided not to vote
3 = You could not find the polling station
4 = You were prevented from voting
5 = You did not have time to vote
6 = You did not vote because your name not in the register
7 = Did not vote for some other reason
8 = You were too young to vote
9 = Don’t know / Can’t remember
98 = Refused

Q23. Freeness and fairness of the last national election
-1 = Missing
1 = Not free and fair
2 = Free and fair, with major problems
3 = Free and fair, but with minor problems
4 = Completely free and fair
8 = Do not understand question
9 = Don’t know
98 = Refused

Q24a. Last national election: attend a campaign rally
-1 = Missing
0 = No
1 = Yes
8 = Refused
9 = Don't know

Q25a. Contact local government councillor
-1 = Missing
0 = Never
1 = Only once
2 = A few times
3 = Often
8 = Refused
9 = Don’t know

Q27a. Reject one-party rule
-1 = Missing
1 = Strongly Disapprove
2 = Disapprove
3 = Neither Approve Nor Disapprove
4 = Approve
5 = Strongly Approve
8 = Refused
9 = Don’t know

Q28. Support for democracy
-1 = Missing
1 = STATEMENT 3: Doesn't matter
2 = STATEMENT 2: Sometimes non-democratic preferable
3 = STATEMENT 1: Democracy preferable
8 = Refused
9 = Don't know

Q35. Extent of democracy
-1 = Missing
1 = Not a democracy
2 = A democracy, with major problems
3 = A democracy, but with minor problems
4 = A full democracy
8 = Do not understand question / democracy
9 = Don't know
98 = Refused

Q36. Satisfaction with democracy
-1 = Missing
0 = The country is not a democracy
1 = Not at all satisfied
2 = Not very satisfied
3 = Fairly satisfied
4 = Very satisfied
8 = Refused
9 = Do not know

Q38a. Courts make binding decisions
-1 = Missing
1 = Strongly Disagree
2 = Disagree
3 = Neither Agree Nor Disagree
4 = Agree
5 = Strongly Agree
8 = Refused
9 = Don’t know

Q39a. How often party competition leads to conflict
-1 = Missing
0 = Never
1 = Rarely
2 = Often
3 = Always
8 = Refused
9 = Don’t know

Q40. How much fear political intimidation or violence
-1 = Missing
0 = A lot
1 = Somewhat
2 = A little bit
3 = Not at all
8 = Refused
9 = Don’t know

Q41. Elections: opposition prevented from running
-1 = Missing
0 = Never
1 = Sometimes
2 = Often
3 = Always
8 = Refused
9 = Don’t know

Q43a. Trust president
-1 = Missing
0 = Not at all
1 = Just a little
2 = Somewhat
3 = A lot
8 = Refused
9 = Don’t know/Haven’t heard enough

Q44a. Corruption: office of the Presidency
-1 = Missing
0 = None
1 = Some of them
2 = Most of them
3 = All of them
8 = Refused
9 = Don't know/ Haven’t heard

Q45. Level of corruption
-1 = Missing
1 = Increased a lot
2 = Increased somewhat
3 = Stayed the same
4 = Decreased somewhat
5 = Decreased a lot
8 = Refused
9 = Don’t know

Q47. Ordinary people can report corruption without fear
-1 = Missing
0 = Can report without fear
1 = Risk retaliation
8 = Refused
9 = Don’t know

Q49b. Difficulty to obtain public school services
-1 = Missing
1 = Very easy
2 = Easy
3 = Difficult
4 = Very Difficult
7 = No contact
8 = Refused
9 = Don't know

Q49c. Pay bribe for public school services
-1 = Missing
0 = Never
1 = Once or twice
2 = A few times
3 = Often
7 = No contact
8 = Refused
9 = Don't know

Q49f. Time taken to receive medical care
-1 = Missing
0 = Never
1 = After a long time
2 = After a short time
3 = Right away
7 = No contact
8 = Refused
9 = Don't know

Q49s. Contact with police in other situations
-1 = Missing
0 = Never
1 = Once or twice
2 = A few times
3 = Often
8 = Refused
9 = Don't know

Q50. Respected by public officials
-1 = Missing
0 = Not at all
1 = A little bit
2 = Somewhat
3 = A lot
8 = Refused
9 = Don’t know

Q51. Treatment by public officials compared to others
-1 = Missing
0 = Much Worse
1 = Worse
2 = Same
3 = Better
4 = Much Better
8 = Refused
9 = Don’t know

Q52. Get correct amount when buying grain
-1 = Missing
0 = Never
1 = Sometimes
2 = Always
8 = Refused
9 = Don’t know

Q54a. MPs listen
-1 = Missing
0 = Never
1 = Only Sometimes
2 = Often
3 = Always
8 = Refused
9 = Don’t know

Q55pt1. Most important problems - 1st response
-1 = Missing
0 = Nothing/ no problems
1 = Management of the economy
2 = Wages, incomes and salaries
3 = Unemployment
4 = Poverty/destitution
5 = Rates and Taxes
6 = Loans / credit
7 = Farming/agriculture
8 = Food shortage/famine
9 = Drought
10 = Land
11 = Transportation
12 = Communications
13 = Infrastructure / roads
14 = Education
15 = Housing
16 = Electricity
17 = Water supply
18 = Orphans/street children/homeless children
19 = Services (other)
20 = Health
21 = AIDS
22 = Sickness / Disease
23 = Crime and Security
24 = Corruption
25 = Political violence
26 = Political instability / ethnic tensions
27 = Discrimination/ inequality
28 = Gender issues / women’s rights
29 = Democracy/political rights
30 = War (international)
31 = Civil war
32 = Agricultural marketing
9995 = Other
9998 = Refused
9999 = Don’t know

Q55pt2. Most important problems - 2nd response
-1 = Missing
1 = Management of the economy
2 = Wages, incomes and salaries
3 = Unemployment
4 = Poverty/destitution
5 = Rates and Taxes
6 = Loans / credit
7 = Farming/agriculture
8 = Food shortage/famine
9 = Drought
10 = Land
11 = Transportation
12 = Communications
13 = Infrastructure / roads
14 = Education
15 = Housing
16 = Electricity
17 = Water supply
18 = Orphans/street children/homeless children
19 = Services (other)
20 = Health
21 = AIDS
22 = Sickness / Disease
23 = Crime and Security
24 = Corruption
25 = Political violence
26 = Political instability / ethnic tensions
27 = Discrimination/ inequality
28 = Gender issues / women’s rights
29 = Democracy/political rights
30 = War (international)
31 = Civil war
32 = Agricultural marketing
9995 = Other
9996 = No further reply
9998 = Refused

Q56a. Handling managing the economy
-1 = Missing
1 = Very Badly
2 = Fairly Badly
3 = Fairly Well
4 = Very Well
8 = Refused
9 = Don't know / Haven’t heard enough

Q58a. Performance: President
-1 = Missing
1 = Strongly Disapprove
2 = Disapprove
3 = Approve
4 = Strongly Approve
8 = Refused
9 = Don’t know / haven't heard enough

Q58c. Performance: local government councillor
-1 = Missing
1 = Strongly Disapprove
2 = Disapprove
3 = Approve
4 = Strongly Approve
7 = Not applicable
8 = Refused
9 = Don’t know / haven't heard enough

Q59a. Who responsible: MPs do jobs
-1 = Missing
0 = The President / Executive
1 = The Parliament / County Assembly
2 = Their Political Party
3 = The Voters
4 = No One
8 = Refused
9 = Don’t know

Q60a. Feared violence in neighbourhood
-1 = Missing
0 = No, Never
1 = Yes, feared but didn't experience
2 = Yes, Feared and experienced
8 = Refused
9 = Don't know

Q61a. Armed forces protect from security threats
-1 = Missing
1 = Never
2 = Rarely
3 = Sometimes
4 = Often
5 = Always
8 = Refused
9 = Don't know / Haven’t heard enough

Q66. Difficulty to move across borders
-1 = Missing
1 = Very difficult
2 = Difficult
3 = Easy
4 = Very easy
7 = Never try
8 = Refused
9 = Don’t know

Q67. Lived outside country
-1 = Missing
0 = No
1 = Yes
8 = Refused
9 = Don’t know

Q68b. Planned emigration to other country
-1 = Missing
0 = You are not currently making any specific plans or preparations
1 = You are planning to move in the next year or two but not yet making preparations
2 = You are currently making preparations to move, like getting a visa
7 = Not applicable
8 = Refused
9 = Don't know

Q69. Most likely country for emigration
-1 = Missing
1 = Mauritius
2 = Another country in East Africa and Indian Ocean
3 = Elsewhere in Africa
4 = Europe
5 = North America
6 = Central/South America
7 = Middle East
8 = Asia
9 = Australia
10 = Outside of Africa
97 = Not applicable
98 = Refused
99 = Don't know

Q70. Most important reason for emigrating
-1 = Missing
1 = Find work
2 = Economic hardship
3 = Lower taxes at destination
4 = Poverty
5 = Poor infrastructure/ services
6 = Better business prospects
7 = Natural Disasters
8 = Better democratic environment
9 = Political persecution
10 = Religious persecution
11 = Civil war
12 = Crime
13 = Better schools
14 = Better medical services
15 = To pursue an education
16 = To accompany family members who are moving for work
17 = To join spouse/ family members who have already migrated
18 = Travel/tourism/adventure/experience other cultures
9995 = Other
9997 = Not applicable
9998 = Refused
9999 = Don’t know

Q71. Climate conditions compared to ten years ago
-1 = Missing
0 = No experience
1 = Much worse
2 = Worse
3 = About the same
4 = Better
5 = Much better
8 = Refused
9 = Don’t know/Haven’t heard enough to say

Q72a. Severity of droughts
-1 = Missing
1 = Much more severe
2 = Somewhat more severe
3 = Stayed the same
4 = Somewhat less severe
5 = Much less severe
8 = Refused
9 = Don’t know

Q73a. Heard about climate change
-1 = Missing
0 = No
1 = Yes
8 = Refused
9 = Don’t know/Haven't heard enough

Q73b. Climage change: meaning
-1 = Missing
1 = Negative changes in the weather
2 = Positive changes in the weather
3 = Other changes in weather patterns
7 = Not applicable
8 = Refused
9 = Don’t know/ Haven’t heard enough

Q74. Climate change: main cause
-1 = Missing
1 = Human Activity
2 = Natural processes
3 = Both human activity and natural processes
4 = None of these
7 = Not applicable
8 = Refused
9 = Don’t know / Haven’t heard enough

Q75. Climate change: affecting country
-1 = Missing
1 = Much better
2 = Somewhat better
3 = Neither/ no change / about the same
4 = Somewhat worse
5 = Much worse
7 = Not applicable
8 = Refused
9 = Don’t know / Haven’t heard enough to say

Q76. Climate change needs to be stopped? By ordinary people?
-1 = Missing
0 = No, climate change doesn’t need to be stopped
1 = Yes, Ordinary Malagasy can do nothing at all
2 = Yes, Ordinary Malagasy can do a little bit
3 = Yes, Ordinary Malagasy can do a lot
7 = Not applicable
8 = Refused
9 = Don’t know

Q78a. Justified for parents to physically discipline children
-1 = Missing
1 = Never justified
2 = Sometimes justified
3 = Always justified
8 = Refused
9 = Don't know

Q79a_MAD. Mob justice in locality/commune
-1 = Missing
0 = No, Never
1 = Yes, often
2 = Yes, Sometimes
3 = Yes, One or two times
8 = Refused
9 = Don't know

Q79b_MAD. Agree with practice of mob justice
-1 = Missing
0 = Strongly Agree
1 = Agree
2 = Neither agree nor disagree
3 = Disagree
4 = Strongly disagree
8 = Refused
9 = Don't know

Q81a_MAD. Existence of "Dina" in locality
-1 = Missing
0 = No, none
1 = Yes, one or two
2 = Yes, some
3 = Yes, several
8 = Refused
9 = Don't know

Q81b_MAD. Types of "Dina" in locality
-1 = Missing
1 = Dina for theft of cows
2 = Dina for hygiene and sanitation
3 = Dina for protection of natural resources and environment
4 = Dina related to tradition
5 = Dina linked to illegal firearms
7 = Not applicable
8 = Refused
9 = Don't know
95 = None of these/Other

Q81c_MAD. Types of "Dina" sanctions introduced
-1 = Missing
1 = No sanctions
2 = Fine in cash
3 = Confiscation of property
4 = Corporal punishment
5 = A combination of these
7 = Not applicable
8 = Refused
9 = Don't know
95 = Other

Q82a_MAD. Agree with merger of primary and middle school
-1 = Missing
1 = Strongly disagree
2 = Disagree
3 = Neither agree nor disagree
4 = Agree
5 = Strongly agree
8 = Refused
9 = Don't know

Q83a_MAD. Problem with public school: Too expensive
-1 = Missing
0 = Never
1 = One or two times
2 = Sometimes
3 = Often
7 = No experience with schools in the past 12 months
8 = Refused
9 = Don't know

Q84. Ethnic community, cultural group or tribe
-1 = Missing
420 = Antakarana
421 = Antandroy
422 = Antanosy
423 = Antefasy
424 = Antembahoaka
425 = Antemoro
426 = Antesaka
427 = Bara
428 = Betsileo
429 = Betsimisaraka
430 = Bezanozano
431 = Mahafafly
432 = Merina
433 = Sakalava
434 = Sihanaka
435 = Tanala
436 = Tsimiety
437 = Vezo
438 = Masikoro
9990 = Malagasy only or “doesn’t think of self in those terms”
9995 = Other
9998 = Refused
9999 = Don't know

Q85a. Ethnic group treated unfairly
-1 = Missing
0 = Never
1 = Sometimes
2 = Often
3 = Always
7 = Not applicable
8 = Refused
9 = Don’t know

Q85b. Ethnic or national identity
-1 = Missing
1 = I feel only (ethnic group)
2 = I feel more (ethnic group) than (national identity)
3 = I feel equally (national identity) and (ethnic group)
4 = I feel more (national identity) than (ethnic group)
5 = I feel only (national identity)
7 = Not applicable
8 = Refused
9 = Don't know

Q86a. Experienced discrimination based on gender
-1 = Missing
0 = Never
1 = Once or twice
2 = Several times
3 = Many times
8 = Refused
9 = Don't know

Q86d. Experienced discrimination based on disability
-1 = Missing
0 = Never
1 = Once or twice
2 = Several times
3 = Many times
7 = Not applicable (no disability)
8 = Refused
9 = Don't know

Q87a. Neighbours: people of different religion
-1 = Missing
1 = Strongly dislike
2 = Somewhat dislike
3 = Would not care
4 = Somewhat like
5 = Strongly like
8 = Refused
9 = Don’t know

Q88a. Close to political party
-1 = Missing
0 = No, not close to any party
1 = Yes, feels close to a party
8 = Refused
9 = Don't know

Q88b. Which party
-1 = Missing
420 = AKFM (Antokon’ny Kongresin’ny Fahaleovantenan’i Madagasikara)
421 = AKFM Fanavaozana (Antokon’ny Kongresin’ny Fahaleovantenan’i Madagasikara Fanavaozana)
422 = AME (Antoko Miombon’Ezaka)
423 = Antoko Maintso (Hasin’i Madagasikara)
424 = AREMA (Antokin’ny REvolisiona Malagasy)
425 = AVI (Asa Vita no Ifampitsarana)
426 = CRN-AFFA
427 = GRAD ILOAFO (Groupe de Réflexion pour le Développement à Madagascar)
428 = LEADER FANILO (Libéralisme Economique et Action DEmocratique pour la Réconciliation )
429 = Mahaleo tena
430 = MAMAFISOA (Malagasy MAndroso ao anatin’ny FIhavanana sy ny SOAtoavina)
431 = MFM (Mitolona ho amin’ny Fampandrosoana)
432 = MDM (Miara Mientana ho an’ny Demokrasia)
433 = MONIMA (MOuvement National pour l’Indépendance de Madagascar)
434 = MTS (Malagasy Tonga Saina)
435 = RPSD-Vaovao (Rassemblement pour la Social Démocratie)
436 = TEZA
437 = TGV (Tanora malaGasy Vonona)
438 = TIM (Tiako i Madagasikara)
439 = UNDD (Union Nationale pour le Développement et la Démocratie)
440 = MAPAR (Miaraka Amin’ny Prezida Andry Rajoelina)
441 = HVM (Hery Vaovao ho an’I Madagasikara)
442 = Vitantsika io
443 = MMM (Malagasy Miara-Miainga)
9995 = Other
9997 = Not Applicable
9998 = Refused
9999 = Don't know

Q89a. Own radio
-1 = Missing
0 = No, don’t own
1 = Yes, someone else owns
2 = Yes, do own
8 = Refused
9 = Don’t know

Q90. Mobile phone access to internet
-1 = Missing
0 = No, does not have internet access
1 = Yes, has internet
7 = Not applicable
8 = Refused
9 = Don't know

Q91a. How often use a mobile phone
-1 = Missing
0 = Never
1 = Less than once a month
2 = A few times a month
3 = A few times a week
4 = Everyday
8 = Refused
9 = Don't know

Q92a. Source of water for household use
-1 = Missing
1 = Inside the house
2 = Inside the compound
3 = Outside the compound
8 = Refused
9 = Don't know

Q92b. Location of toilet or latrine
-1 = Missing
0 = No latrine
1 = Inside the house
2 = Inside the compound
3 = Outside the compound
8 = Refused
9 = Don't know

Q93. Electric connection from mains
-1 = Missing
0 = No mains electric supply or connection to the home
1 = Never
2 = Occasionally
3 = About half of the time
4 = Most of the time
5 = All of the time
8 = Refused
9 = Don't know

Q94. Employment status
-1 = Missing
0 = No, not looking
1 = No, looking
2 = Yes, part time
3 = Yes, full time
8 = Refused
9 = Don’t know

Q95a. Occupation of respondent
-1 = Missing
0 = Never had a job
1 = Student
2 = Housewife / homemaker
3 = Agriculture / farming / fishing / forestry
4 = Trader / hawker / vendor
5 = Retail / Shop
6 = Unskilled manual worker
7 = Artisan or skilled manual worker
8 = Clerical or secretarial
9 = Supervisor / Foreman / Senior Manager
10 = Security services
11 = Mid-level professional
12 = Upper-level professional
95 = Other
98 = Refused
99 = Don’t know

Q95b. Employer of respondent
-1 = Missing
1 = Works for self
2 = Private sector
3 = Non Governmental Organizations / Civil society sector
4 = Government
7 = Not applicable
8 = Refused
9 = Don't know

Q95c. Who decides how money is used
-1 = Missing
1 = You make the decisions yourself
2 = Your spouse makes the decisions
3 = You make the decisions jointly with your spouse
4 = You make the decisions jointly with other family members
5 = Other family members make the decisions without you
6 = None of the above / Some other response
7 = Not applicable, no earnings
8 = Refused
9 = Don’t know

Q96a. Head of household
-1 = Missing
1 = You (respondent)
2 = Respondent's spouse
3 = Respondent's father
4 = Respondent's mother
5 = Respondent's son
6 = Respondent's daughter
7 = Respondent's grandfather
8 = Respondent's grandmother
9 = Another male relative
10 = Another female relative
11 = Someone else
12 = More than one person
98 = Refused
99 = Don’t know

Q96b. Occupation of head of household
-1 = Missing
0 = Never had a job
1 = Student
2 = Housewife / homemaker
3 = Agriculture / farming / fishing / forestry
4 = Trader / hawker / vendor
5 = Retail / Shop
6 = Unskilled manual worker
7 = Artisan or skilled manual worker
8 = Clerical or secretarial
9 = Supervisor / Foreman / Senior Manager
10 = Security services
11 = Mid-level professional
12 = Upper-level professional
95 = Other
97 = Not applicable (respondent is head of household)
98 = Refused
99 = Don’t know

Q97. Education of respondent
-1 = Missing
0 = No formal schooling
1 = Informal schooling only
2 = Some primary schooling
3 = Primary school completed
4 = Some secondary school / high school
5 = Secondary school / high school completed
6 = Post-secondary qualifications, other than university
7 = Some university
8 = University completed
9 = Post-graduate
98 = Refused
99 = Don’t know

Q98. Religion of respondent
-1 = Missing
0 = None
1 = Christian only
2 = Roman Catholic
3 = Orthodox
4 = Coptic
5 = Anglican
6 = Lutheran
7 = Methodist
8 = Presbyterian
9 = Baptist
10 = Quaker / Friends
11 = Mennonite
12 = Evangelical
13 = Pentecostal
14 = Independent
15 = Jehovah’s Witness
16 = Seventh Day Adventist
17 = Mormon
18 = Muslim only
19 = Sunni only
20 = Ismaeli
21 = Mouridiya Brotherhood
22 = Tijaniya Brotherhood
23 = Qadiriya Brotherhood
24 = Shia
25 = Traditional / ethnic religion
26 = Hindu
27 = Bahai
28 = Agnostic
29 = Atheist
30 = Dutch Reformed
31 = Calvinist
32 = Church of Christ
33 = Zionist Christian Church
34 = Jewish
420 = Apokalypsy
9995 = Other
9998 = Refused
9999 = Don't know

Q100. Perceived survey sponsor
-1 = Missing
0 = No one
1 = Afrobarometer
2 = Research Company
3 = Non-government or religious organization
4 = University / School / College
5 = Private company
6 = Media
7 = Political party or politician
8 = Government
9 = International organization or another country
10 = God
95 = Other
98 = Refused
99 = Don’t know

Length of interview
-1 = Missing

Q102. Race of respondent
1 = Black / African
2 = White / European
3 = Coloured / Mixed race
4 = Arab / Lebanese / North African
5 = South Asian
6 = East Asian
9995 = Other
9999 = Don't know

Q103. Language of interview
2 = French
420 = Malagasy
9995 = Other

Q104. Type of shelter of respondent
1 = Non-traditional / formal house
2 = Traditional house / hut
3 = Temporary structure / shack
4 = Flat in a block of flats
5 = Single room in a larger dwelling structure or backyard
7 = Hostel in an industrial compound or farming compound
8 = Other

Q105. Roof of respondent’s home
1 = Metal, aluminum, tin or zinc
2 = Tiles
3 = Shingles
4 = Thatch or grass
5 = Plastic sheets
6 = Asbestos
7 = Multiple materials
8 = Concrete
9 = Some other material
10 = Could not tell / could not see

Q106. Others present
1 = No one
2 = Spouse only
3 = Children only
4 = A few others
5 = Small crowd

Q107a. Check with others
0 = No
1 = Yes

Q108. Proportion difficulty answering
0 = None
1 = Few
2 = Some
3 = Most
4 = All

Q110a. Respondent friendly
1 = Friendly
2 = In between
3 = Hostile

Q110b. Respondent interested
1 = Interested
2 = In between
3 = Bored

Q110c. Respondent cooperative
1 = Cooperative
2 = In between
3 = Uncooperative

Q110d. Respondent patient
1 = Patient
2 = In between
3 = Impatient

Q110e. Respondent at ease
1 = At ease
2 = In between
3 = Suspicious

Q110f. Respondent honest
1 = Honest
2 = In between
3 = Misleading

Q115. Interviewer rural or urban
1 = Rural
2 = Urban

Q116. Interviewer's home language
1 = English
2 = French
420 = "Official" Malagasy
421 = Malagasy with regional dialect
422 = Chinese
423 = Comorian
424 = Indo-pakistani
9995 = Other
9998 = Refused
9999 = Don't know

Q117. Interviewer's ethnic group or tribe
420 = Antakarana
421 = Antandroy
422 = Antanosy
423 = Antefasy
424 = Antembahoaka
425 = Antemoro
426 = Antesaka
427 = Bara
428 = Betsileo
429 = Betsimisaraka
430 = Bezanozano
431 = Mahafafly
432 = Merina
433 = Sakalava
434 = Sihanaka
435 = Tanala
436 = Tsimiety
437 = Vezo
9995 = Other
9998 = Refused
9999 = Don't know

Q118. Interviewer's education
3 = Primary school completed
4 = Some secondary school / high school
5 = Secondary school / high school completed
6 = Post-secondary qualifications, other than university
7 = Some university
8 = University completed
9 = Post graduate

Q119. Other spoken languages_first
1 = English
2 = French
420 = "Official" Malagasy
421 = Malagasy with regional dialect
422 = Chinese
423 = Comorian
424 = Indo-pakistani
9995 = Other
9996 = No further reply